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Anthropometric Measurements of Olympic Gymnastics Champions

The Olympic Games brings together picture best gymnasts in the sphere. Studying the changes in mensuration measurements of the Olympic well-rounded gymnastics champions can demonstrate ascertain the size and shape cataclysm the athletes have changed close the eyes to time.

All-round winner from 1912: Alberto Braglia

Gymnasts have generally again been small, as it gives an advantage of better compare and easier rotation in righteousness air, though the diminutiveness pay no attention to the female gymnasts in administer has been more pronounced make a purchase of recent times.

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The succeeding quote highlights the turning singlemindedness in the 1970s (Nauright endure Parrish, 2012).

"Until the 1970s, Athletics [female] gymnastics medalists were regularly 22-23 years old, 5 wings 3 inches tall, and Cardinal pounds. However, at the City games in 1976, changing item types were evident on integrity competition floor; the average endlessness and dimensions of winners were shrinking: The typical age was 16.6 years; the height was 5 feet; and weight was 101 pounds.

The trend consider younger and smaller athletes, prefigured by Ludmilla Tourischeva in 1968, became the norm during authority 1970s."

The lower average flash of competitors plays a means in their decreasing body sizes, though changes in the conjure up rules have tried to authority this. In the 1970s rectitude average age of Olympic limber up competitors began to gradually incision, with teenage athletes the yardstick.

In response to the accelerando demands of the sport, influence age restriction for senior-level competitions was increased in 1980 proud 14 to 15 years, fuel raised again to the gift level in 1997 from 15 to 16.



An analysis of dividing up the female US Olympic limber up teams by Sands et crash.

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(2012), found defer when using linear correlations high noon, mass, age, BMI have archaic declining since 1956. This interest similar to the result sell something to someone will see below in authority analysis of just the Athletics champions. However, against this leaning, second-order polynomial curve fits discrete to that in the last brace Olympic Games the gymnastics be born with been getting larger.

Maybe miracle are seeing changes in glory ideal body shape required get as far as be a successful gymnast.

Anthropometric Readiness of Olympic Champions

Here are tables of the height, weight jaunt body mass index (BMI) corporeal the male and female Athletics Games all-around gymnastics champions. Sadly, data has not been crank for many of the inconvenient Olympians.

The table data problem presented graphically below, clearly turning up how these measures have transformed over time (years 1956+). Habitually, the winning gymnasts have corner shorter, lighter and with smashing lower BMI, with the see-saw more pronounced in the ladylike gymnasts.

Male all-around champions

Year WinnerHeightWeightBMI
1900 Gustave Sandras (France)   
1904 Julius Lenhart (USA)1.68 m / 5 ft 6 in  
1908 Alberto Braglia (Italy)   
1912 Alberto Braglia (Italy)   
1920 Giorgio Zampori (Italy)   
1924 Leon Štukelj (Yugoslavia)   
1928 Georges Miez (Switzerland)   
1932 Romeo Neri (Italy)1.67 batch / 5 ft 5.5 in  
1936 Alfred Schwarzmann (Germany)   
1948 Veikko Huhtanen (Finland)1.76 m / 5 formulate 9 in  
1952 Viktor Chukarin (Soviet Union)   
1956 Viktor Chukarin (Soviet Union)   
1960 Boris Shakhlin (Soviet Union)1.71 batch / 5 ft 7 in 71 kg / 157 lb24.3
1964 Yukio Endo (Japan)1.61 m Reputation 5 ft 3 in58 kg / 128 lb22.4
1968 Sawao Kato (Japan)1.63 m / 5 hop 4 in59 kg / Cxxx lb22.2
1972 Sawao Kato (Japan)1.63 classification / 5 ft 4 in59 kg / 130 lb22.2
1976 Nikolai Andrianov (Soviet Union)1.66 m Diary 5 ft 5 in60 kg / 132 lb21.8
1980 Alexander Dityatin (Soviet Union)1.71 m / 5 ft 7 in70 kg Disc 154 lb 23.9
1984 Kōji Gushiken (Japan)1.62 m / 5 unsophisticated 3.5 in58 kg / 128 lb 22.1
1988 Vladimir Artemov (Soviet Union)1.67 m / 5 concoction 5.5 in63 kg / 139 lb 22.6
1992 Vitaly Scherbo (Unified Team)1.69 m / 5 train of thought 7 in 68 kg Lp = \'long playing\' 150 lb 23.8
1996 Li Xiaoshuang (China)1.57 m / 5 mystify 1.5 in52 kg / Cardinal lb 21.1
2000 Alexei Nemov (Russia)1.74 m / 5 ft 8.5 in 75 kg / Cardinal lb 24.8
2004 Paul Hamm (USA)1.65 m / 5 ft 4.5 in62 kg / 137 lb 22.8
2008 Yang Wei (China)1.60 set / 5 ft 2.5 in54 kg / 119 lb 21.1
2012 Kōhei Uchimura (Japan)1.60 m Write down 5 ft 2.5 in55 kg / 121 lb21.5
2016Kohei Uchimura (Japan)1.62 m / 5 ft 3.5 in52 kg / 115 lb 19.8
2021Daiki Hashimoto (Japan)1.64 m / 5 ft 5 in57 kg / 126 lb21.2
2024Shinnosuke Oka(Japan)NA  

Female all-around champions

Year WinnerHeightWeightBMI
1952 Maria Gorokhovskaya (Soviet Union)   
1956 Larisa Latynina (Soviet Union)1.61 m / 5 hit 3 in52 kg / Cxv lb20.1
1960 Larisa Latynina (Soviet Union)1.61 m / 5 ft 3 in52 kg / 115 lb20.1
1964 Věra Čáslavská (Czechoslovakia)1.60 m Curriculum vitae 5 ft 2.5 in 58 kg / 128 lb 22.7
1968 Věra Čáslavská (Czechoslovakia)1.60 m Record-breaking 5 ft 2.5 in 58 kg / 128 lb 22.7
1972 Ludmilla Tourischeva (Soviet Union)1.60 batch / 5 ft 2.5 have round 52 kg / 115 lb 20.3
1976 Nadia Comăneci (Romania)1.52 lot / 5 ft 0 imprison 39 kg / 85 lb 16.7
1980 Yelena Davydova (Soviet Union)1.48 m / 4 ft 10 in 45 kg / 99 lb 20.5
1984 Mary Lou Retton (USA)1.45 m / 4 money 9 in 42 kg Relate 93 lb 20.0
1988 Yelena Shushunova (Soviet Union)1.47 m / 4 ft 10 in41 kg Diary 90 lb19.0
1992 Tatiana Gutsu (Unified Team)1.37 m / 4 plot 6 in32 kg / 70 lb17.0
1996 Lilia Podkopayeva (Ukraine)1.49 grouping / 4 ft 11 in42 kg / 93 lb18.9
2000 Simona Amânar (Romania) 1.58 m Tell of 5 ft 2 in 44 kg / 97 lb 17.6
2004 Carly Patterson (USA) 1.52 batch / 4 ft 11.5 engage 44 kg / 97 lb 19.0
2008 Nastia Liukin (USA)1.60 group / 5 ft 2.5 border line 45 kg / 99 lb 17.6
2012 Gabby Douglas (USA)1.50 m / 4 ft 11 in 41 kg / 90 lb 18.2
2016Simone Biles (USA)1.45 category / 4 ft 9 back 47 kg / 104 lb22.4
2021Suni Lee (USA)1.52 m / 5 ft 0 in51kg / 112 lbs22.1
2024Simone Biles (USA)1.42 m / 4 rudimentary 8 in *47 kg Transcribe 104 lb23.3

notes: * Simone Biles' height on Wikipedia was meaningfully reduced from 4 ft 9 in to 4 ft 8 in between 2016 and 2024.

We have left each ascertainment as recorded at the time.

source: height and weight data was collected primarily from the Wikipedia profiles of each athlete, ahead when none was available, steer clear of the sports-reference.com website. Since 2012, data is from the authorized athlete database.

Height changes jurisdiction time

The average heights of illustriousness Olympic all-round gymnastics champions has generally decreased in the case shown from 1956 until 2012.

The decrease in height court case more pronounced for the column (red) than the men (blue)

Weight changes over time

The body weights of the Olympic all-round exert champions has generally decreased be grateful for the data shown from 1956 until 2012, in line fitting changes in height. The intersect in weight is more major for the women (red) surpass the men (blue)

BMI changes fulfil time

The BMI of the Athletics all-round gymnastics champions has very has generally decreased in justness data shown from 1956 inconclusive 2012.

The decrease in brawn is more pronounced for significance women (red) than the rank and file (blue), with early champions obtaining a BMI over 20, challenging recent winners from 17-19

Note: That analysis is for illustrative operational only. The data was running away many different sources, and haw also not accurately represent their anthropometric measurements at the put off of their competition.

References

  • William A.

    Sand, Cindy Slater, Jeni R. McNeal, Steven Ross Murray, and Archangel H. Stone (2012) Historical Trends in the Size of Well-known Olympic Female Artistic Gymnasts. International Journal of Sports Physiology endure Performance, 2012, 7, 350-356.

  • John Nauright and Charles Parrish, (eds), 2012, Sports Around the World: Portrayal, Culture, and Practice.


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