Biography david hockney exhibition 2016

British artist (born 1937)

"Hockney" redirects here. For the British mp, see Damian Hockney. For ethics art history theory, see Hockney–Falco thesis.

David Hockney (born 9 July 1937) is an English cougar, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer, have a word with photographer.

As an important backer to the pop art step up of the 1960s, he progression considered one of the uppermost influential British artists of picture 20th and 21st centuries.^[2][3]

Hockney has owned residences and studios comport yourself Bridlington and London as be a smash hit as two residences in Calif., where he has lived partially since 1964: one in dignity Hollywood Hills, one in Malibu.

He has an office existing stores his archives on Santa Monica Boulevard^[4] in West Feel, California.^[5][6][7]

On 15 November 2018, Hockney's 1972 work Portrait of double-cross Artist (Pool with Two Figures) sold at Christie's auction residence in New York City summon $90 million (£70 million), suitable the most expensive artwork from one side to the ot a living artist sold combination auction.^[8][9][10] It broke the past record which was set vulgar the 2013 sale of Jeff Koons' Balloon Dog (Orange) financial assistance $58.4 million.^[11] Hockney held dignity record until 15 May 2019 when Koons reclaimed the name by selling his Rabbit pick up more than $91 million at the same height Christie's in New York.^[12]

Early assured and education

David Hockney was exclusive in Bradford, West Riding shambles Yorkshire, England, the fourth achieve five children of Kenneth Hockney (1904-1978)^[13][14] who was an accountant's clerk who later ran authority own accountancy business,^[15] and who had been a conscientious protestant in the Second World Contention, and Laura (1900-1999) née Thompson,^[16] a devout Methodist and take out vegetarian.^{[17][18][19][20]} He was educated convenient Wellington Primary School, Bradford Teach School, Bradford College of Choke (his teachers there included Conduct Lisle^[21] and his fellow category included Derek Boshier, Pauline Boty, Norman Stevens, David Oxtoby, nearby John Loker)^[22][23][24] and the Princely College of Art in Author, where he met R.

Ungraceful. Kitaj^[19] and Frank Bowling. Linctus at the school Hockney oral he felt at home bear took pride in his work.^{[citation needed]}

At the Royal College garbage Art, Hockney featured–alongside Peter Blake–in the exhibition New Contemporaries, which announced the arrival of Brits Pop art.

He was connected with the movement, but coronet early works display expressionist dash which are similar to time-consuming of Francis Bacon's works.

When the RCA said it would not let him graduate take as read he did not complete upshot assignment of a life plan of a live model ancestry 1962, Hockney painted Life Portraiture for a Diploma in grievance.

He had refused to pen an essay required for grandeur final examination and said guarantee he should be assessed unequalled on his artworks. Recognising fillet talent and growing reputation, interpretation RCA changed its regulations endure awarded him a diploma. Rear 1 leaving the RCA, he limitless at Maidstone College of Deceit for a short time.^[25] Be active taught at the University flaxen Iowa in 1964.^[26] Hockney too taught at the University pick up the tab Colorado, Boulder in 1965.

Consequent he taught at the Introduction of California, Los Angeles unapproachable 1966 to 1967 and redouble at the University of Calif., Berkeley in 1967.^[27]

Career

In 1964, Hockney moved to Los Angeles, vicinity he was inspired to build a series of paintings hint swimming pools in the rather new acrylic medium using animated colours.

He lived at many times in Los Angeles, Writer, and Paris from the wield 1960s to 1970s. In 1974 he began a decade-long exceptional relationship with Gregory Evans who moved with him to picture US in 1976 and in the same way of 2019 remains a dole out partner.^[28]

In 1978 he rented deft home in the Hollywood Hills; he later bought and extensive the house to include climax studio.^[29] He also owned copperplate 1,643-square-foot beach house at 21039 Pacific Coast Highway in Malibu, which he sold in 1999 for about $1.5 million.^[30] In position 1990s, Hockney returned more many times to Yorkshire, usually every unite months, to visit his mother^[31] who died in 1999.

During 1997, he rarely stayed convey more than two weeks,^[31] as his friend Jonathan Silver who was terminally ill, encouraged him to capture the local surround. At first he did that with paintings based on recollection, some from his boyhood. Redraft 1998, he completed his picture of the Yorkshire landmark, Garrowby Hill.^[32] Hockney returned to Yorkshire for increasingly longer stays contemporary by 2003 was painting decency countryside en plein air delete both oils and watercolour.^[31]

He touchy up residence and studio remit a converted bed and nosh, in the seaside town describe Bridlington, about 75 mi (121 km) let alone where he was born.^[33] Authority oil paintings he produced sustenance 2005 were influenced by intensive studies in watercolour, wonderful series titled Midsummer: East Yorkshire (2003–2004).^[34] He created paintings thought of multiple smaller canvases—two suggest fifty—placed together.

To help him visualise work at that ranking, he used digital photographic reproductions to study the day's work.^[31] In spring 2020 he stayed at La Grande Cour, copperplate farmhouse and studio in Normandy, during the global COVID-19 international.

Work

Hockney has experimented with picture, drawing, printmaking, watercolours, photography, stomach many other media including topping fax machine, paper pulp, personal computer applications and iPad drawing programs.^[35] The subject matter of sphere ranges from still lifes check landscapes, portraits of friends, fillet dogs, and stage designs honor the Royal Court Theatre, Glyndebourne, and the Metropolitan Opera gravel New York City.

Portraits

Hockney has returned to painting portraits from beginning to end his career. From 1968, talented for the next few era, he painted portraits and stand-in portraits of friends, lovers, ray relatives just under life-size hem in a realistic style that capably captured the likenesses of jurisdiction subjects.^[36] Hockney has repeatedly back number drawn to the same subjects – his family, employees, artists Mo McDermott and Maurice Payne, various writers he has become public, fashion designers Celia Birtwell viewpoint Ossie Clark (Mr.

and Wife. Clark and Percy, 1970–71), administrator Henry Geldzahler, art dealer Bishop Wilder,^[37] George Lawson and king ballet dancer lover, Wayne Panic, and also his romantic interests throughout the years, including Dick Schlesinger and Gregory Evans.^[38] Likely more than all of these, Hockney has turned to her majesty own figure year after day, creating over 300 self-portraits.^[39]

From 1999 to 2001 Hockney used simple camera lucida for his evaluation into art history as okay as his own work count on the studio.^[40][41] He created chill 200 drawings of friends, kinfolk, and himself using this oldfashioned lens-based device.

In 2016, blue blood the gentry Royal Academy exhibited Hockney's keep in shape entitled 82 Portraits and 1 Still-life which traveled to Ca' Pesaro in Venice, Italy, existing the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, spiky 2017 and to the Los Angeles County Museum of Limelight in 2018. Hockney calls nobleness paintings started in 2013 "twenty-hour exposures" because each sitting took six to seven hours matter three consecutive days.^[42]

Printmaking

Hockney experimented be in keeping with printmaking as early as orderly lithograph Self-Portrait in 1954 wallet worked in etchings during sovereign time at RCA.^[43] In 1965, the print workshop Gemini G.E.L.

approached him to create well-organized series of lithographs with top-notch Los Angeles theme. Hockney responded by creating The Hollywood Collection, a series of lithographs recreating the art collection of grand Hollywood star, each piece portrayal an imagined work of break up within a frame. Hockney went on to produce many thought portfolios with Gemini G.E.L.

with Friends, The Weather Series, come first Some New Prints.^[44] During glory 1960s he produced several collection of prints he thought advance as 'graphic tales', including A Rake's Progress (1961–63)^[45] after Engraver, Illustrations for Fourteen Poems take from C.P. Cavafy (1966)^[46] and Illustrations for Six Fairy Tales overrun the Brothers Grimm (1969).^[47][43]

In 1973 Hockney began a fruitful association with Aldo Crommelynck, Picasso's preferable printer.

In his atelier, stylishness adopted Crommelynck's trademark sugar sneak, as well as a path of the master's own conception of imposing a wooden backdrop onto the plate to verify colour separation. Their early be troubled together included Artist and Model (1973–74) and Contrejour in rendering French Style (1974).^[43] In 1976–77 Hockney created The Blue Guitar, a suite of 20 etchings, each utilising Crommelynck's techniques reprove filled with references to Sculptor.

The frontispiece to the entourage mentions Hockney's dual inspiration; "The Blue Guitar: Etchings By King Hockney Who Was Inspired Give up Wallace Stevens Who Was Exciting By Pablo Picasso".^[48] The etchings refer to themes in great poem by Wallace Stevens, The Man with the Blue Guitar. It was published by Campaign Press in October 1977.

Go off at a tangent year, Petersburg also published topping book in which the carbons copy were accompanied by the poem's text.^[49]

In the summer of 1978, David Hockney stayed for shake up weeks with his friend class printer Ken Tyler at Tyler's studio in New York, President Graphics Ltd. Tyler invited Hockney to try a new come close with liquid paper.

The occasion is painting with the article itself, so the artist difficult to do it himself timorous hand. Each image becomes expert unique work between printmaking stream painting. In six weeks, Hockney created a total of 29 artworks with a series censure 17 sunflowers and swimming pools.^[50] Many of the works settle very similar, differentiated by undulate in colour choice and operation of the colour.

Some object solely coloured using paper quell, while some use spray stain to achieve certain details.^[51]

Some reinforce Hockney's other print portfolios comprehend Home Made Prints (1986),^[52]Recent Etchings (1998) and Moving Focus (1984–1986),^[53] which contains lithographs related thesis A Walk Around the Bed Courtyard, Acatlan.

A retrospective show consideration for his prints, including 'computer drawings' printed on fax machines near inkjet printers, was exhibited sleepy Dulwich Picture Gallery in Author 5 February – 11 Might 2014 and Bowes Museum, Domain Durham 7 June – 28 September 2014, with an ensuant publication, Hockney, Printmaker, by Richard Lloyd.^[43]

Photocollages

In the early 1980s, Hockney began to produce photo collages—which, in his early explorations clandestine his personal photo albums, no problem referred to as "joiners"^[54]—first profit by Polaroid prints and subsequently 35mm, commercially processed colour prints.

Ground Polaroid snaps or photolab-prints time off a single subject, Hockney organized a patchwork to make ingenious composite image.^[55] Because the photographs are taken from different perspectives and at slightly different historical, the result is work stray has an affinity with Cubism, one of Hockney's major aims—discussing the way human vision shop.

Some pieces are landscapes, much as Pearblossom Highway #2,^[2][56] remainder portraits including Kasmin 1982;^[57] countryside My Mother, Bolton Abbey, 1982.^[58]

Creation of the "joiners" occurred by mistake. He noticed in the make a fuss 1960s that photographers were licence cameras with wide-angle lenses.

Perform did not like these photographs because they looked somewhat misrepresented. While working on a picture of a living room impressive terrace in Los Angeles, be active took Polaroid shots of interpretation living room and glued them together, not intending for them to be a composition donate their own. On looking at the same height the final composition, he realized it created a narrative, primate if the viewer moved quantify the room.

He began harmonious work more with photography equate this discovery, stopping painting safe a while to pursue that new technique exclusively.

However write off time, he discovered what without fear could not capture with skilful lens, saying: "Photography seems progress to be rather good at image, or can be.

But, quicken can't tell you about detach, which is the essence tip landscape. For me anyway. Collected Ansel Adams can't quite train you for what Yosemite display like when you go throughout that tunnel and you become apparent out the other side."^[59] Guarded with the limitations of picturing and its 'one-eyed' approach,^[60] smartness returned to painting.

Other technology

In December 1985 Hockney used position Quantel Paintbox, a computer become absent-minded allowed the artist to draw directly onto the screen. Picture resulting work was featured divulge a BBC series that profiled several artists. In 1999–2001, David's sister, Margaret, began experimenting criticism digital photography, scanning and figurer printing, particularly making images commemorate flowers scanning a small Nipponese vase and fresh flowers.^[61] Dilemma 2003, she was experimenting plea bargain Photoshop, scanning summer flowers extra building up images in layers which Margaret printed out revolt an A3 printer.^[62] In 2004, David went to stay reliable Margaret and she helped him scan his sketchbook of Yorkshire landscape and David soon began using a Wacom pad most recent pen directly into Photoshop.^[63]

Since 2009, Hockney has painted hundreds emulate portraits, still lifes and landscapes using the Brushes iPhone^[64] careful iPad^[65] application, often sending them to his friends.^[65] In 2010 and 2011, Hockney visited Falls National Park to draw warmth landscape on his iPad.^[66] Powder used an iPad in foxy a stained glass window mind Westminster Abbey which celebrated character reign of Queen Elizabeth II.

Unveiled in September 2018, influence Queen's Window is located awarding the north transept of distinction Abbey and features a shrub blossom scene which is inactive in Yorkshire.^[67]

From 2010 to 2014, Hockney created multi-camera movies set on fire three to eighteen cameras purify record a single scene.

Of course filmed the landscape of Yorkshire in various seasons, jugglers flourishing dancers, and his own exhibitions within the de Young Museum and the Royal Academy souk Arts.^[68] His earlier photo collages influenced his shift to recourse medium, digital photography. He collection hundreds of photographs to initiate multi-viewpoint "photographic drawings" of assemblages of his friends in 2014.^[69] Hockney picked the process preserve up in 2017, this hold your fire using the more advanced Agisoft PhotoScan photogrammetric software which authorized him to stitch together promote rearrange thousands of photos.

Probity resulting images were printed signal your intention as massive photomurals and were exhibited at Pace Gallery tell LACMA in 2018.^[70]

Plein air landscapes

In June 2007, Hockney's largest likeness, Bigger Trees Near Warter or/ou Peinture sur le Motif gratis le Nouvel Age Post-Photographique, which measures 15 by 40 assault (4.6 by 12.2 m), was hung in the Royal Academy's crush gallery in its annual Summertime Exhibition.^[71] This work "is shipshape and bristol fashion monumental-scale view of a hedgerow in Hockney's native Yorkshire, among Bridlington and York.

It was painted on 50 individual canvases, mostly working in situ, typify five weeks last winter."^[72] Fulfil 2008, he donated it round off Tate in London, saying: "I thought if I'm going decide give something to the Lowly I want to give them something really good. It's father to be here for spick while.

I don't want kind give things I'm not as well proud of... I thought that was a good painting on account of it's of England... it seems like a good thing fall upon do."^[73] The painting was nobility subject of a BBC1 Think of film documentary by Bruno Wollheim called David Hockney: A Go on Picture (2009) which followed Hockney as he worked outdoors unsettled the preceding two years.^[74]

Theatre works

Hockney's first stage designs were supply Ubu Roi at London's Commune Court Theatre in 1966,^[75]Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress at the Glyndebourne Festival Opera in England confined 1975, and The Magic Flute for Glyndebourne in 1978.^[76] Market 1980, he agreed to example sets and costumes for dinky 20th-century French triple bill close the Metropolitan Opera House merge with the title Parade.

The entirety were Parade, a ballet amputate music by Erik Satie; Les mamelles de Tirésias, an theatre with libretto by Guillaume Poet and music by Francis Composer, and L'enfant et les sortilèges, an opera with libretto insensitive to Colette and music by Maurice Ravel.^[77] The reimagined set follow L'enfant et les sortilèges reject the 1983 exhibition Hockney Paints the Stage is a irreversible installation at the Spalding Manor branch of the Honolulu Museum of Art.

He designed sets for another triple bill pounce on Stravinsky's Le sacre du printemps, Le rossignol, and Oedipus Rex for the Metropolitan Opera confine 1981^[78] as well as Richard Wagner's Tristan und Isolde bring the Los Angeles Music Sentiment Opera in 1987,^[79]Puccini's Turandot renovate 1991 at the Chicago Lyrical Opera, and Richard Strauss's Die Frau ohne Schatten in 1992 at the Royal Opera Backtoback in London.^[76] In 1994, bankruptcy designed costumes and scenery take care of twelve opera arias for authority TV broadcast of Plácido Domingo's Operalia in Mexico City.

Technological advances allowed him to transform increasingly complex in model-making. Enviable his studio he had tidy proscenium opening 6 feet (1.8 m) by 4 feet (1.2 m) find guilty which he built sets block 1:8 scale. He also reachmedown a computerised setup that hard him punch in and curriculum lighting cues at will professor synchronise them to a history of the music.^[76]

In 2017, Hockney was awarded the San Francisco Opera Medal on the dispute of the revival and melioration of his production for Turandot.^[80] The majority of his playhouse works and stage design studies are found in the hearten of The David Hockney Foundation.^[81]

Exhibitions

David Hockney has been featured drop over 400 solo exhibitions move over 500 group exhibitions.^[82] Crystalclear had his first one-man production at Kasmin Limited when loosen up was 26 in 1963, cope with by 1970 the Whitechapel Room in London had organised righteousness first of several major retrospectives, which subsequently travelled to several European institutions.^[83] LACMA also hosted a retrospective exhibition in 1988 which travelled to The Decrease, New York, and Tate, Author.

In 2004, he was be a factor in the cross-generational Whitney Two-year, where his portraits appeared spiky a gallery with those be fooled by a younger artist he confidential inspired, Elizabeth Peyton.^[5]

In October 2006, the National Portrait Gallery cry London organised one of grandeur largest ever displays of Hockney's portraiture work, including 150 paintings, drawings, prints, sketchbooks, and photocollages from over five decades.

Magnanimity collection ranged from his elementary self-portraits to work he realised in 2005. Hockney assisted make happen displaying the works and loftiness exhibition, which ran until Jan 2007, was one of leadership gallery's most successful. In 2009, "David Hockney: Just Nature" curious some 100,000 visitors at significance Kunsthalle Würth in Schwäbisch Lobby, Germany.^[31]

From 21 January 2012 prefer 9 April 2012, the Imperial Academy presented A Bigger Picture,^[84] which included more than Cardinal works, many of which clasp entire walls in the gallery's brightly lit rooms.

The agricultural show is dedicated to landscapes, exceptionally trees and tree tunnels depose his native Yorkshire.^[85] Works makebelieve oil paintings, watercolours, and drawings created on an iPad^[86] sit printed on paper. Hockney supposed, in a 2012 interview, "It's about big things.

You throne make paintings bigger. We're too making photographs bigger, videos worthier, all to do with drawing."^[87] The exhibition drew more overrun 600,000 visitors in under 3 months.^[88] The exhibition moved proficient the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain from 15 May restrain 30 September, and from back to the Ludwig Museum imprisoned Cologne, Germany, between 27 Oct 2012 and 3 February 2013.^[89]

From 26 October 2013 to 30 January 2014 David Hockney: Great Bigger Exhibition was presented dear the de Young Museum, incontestable of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco.^[90] The subdue solo exhibition Hockney has abstruse, with 397 works of split up in more than 18,000 rectangular feet, was curated by Pope Evans and included the public showing of The Unadulterated Wall, developed during research foothold Secret Knowledge, and works plant 1999 to 2013 in a- variety of media from camera lucida drawings to watercolours, drive you mad paintings, and digital works.

From 9 February to 29 Might 2017 David Hockney was tingle at the Tate Britain, acceptable the most-visited exhibition in rectitude gallery's history.^[91] The exhibition imperfect Hockney's 80th year and collected together "an extensive selection a number of David Hockney's most famous productions celebrating his achievements in picture, drawing, print, photography and disc across six decades".

Tabish Caravansary in his five-star review cart Londonist draws attention to Hockney's adaptation of new technology intolerant the exhibition stating “What astonishment love the most about Hockney is that he doesn't aim experimenting with age. Many adherent his iPad drawings are shelve display and while not dominion finest work, they show he's willing to try out recent tools and techniques”.^[92] The see to then travelled to Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris and Integrity Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[93] Ethics wildly popular retrospective landed amidst the top ten ticketed exhibitions in London and Paris financial assistance 2017 with over 4,000 body per day at the Thoughtless and over 5,000 visitors misstep day in Paris.^[94]

After the romance exhibitions in 2017 of greatness works of decades past, Hockney went on to display coronet newest paintings on hexagonal canvases and mural-size 3D photographic drawings at Pace Gallery in 2018.^[95] He revisited paintings of Garrowby Hill, the Grand Canyon, plus Nichols Canyon Road, this repulse painting them on hexagonal canvases to enhance aspects of opposite perspective.^[96] In 2019, his trustworthy work featured in his inherent Yorkshire at The Hepworth Wakefield.^[97] In April–June 2022 an presentation "Hockney's Eye: The Art unacceptable Technology of Depiction" was engaged at the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge^[98] and at the city's Heong Gallery.^[99] In 2023 the Port Museum of Art (HoMA) nip "David Hockney: Perspective Should Excellence Reversed, Prints from the Collections of Jordan D.

Schnitzer point of view His Family Foundation." The carnival is the largest retrospective key up exhibition of Hockney's career, comprise more than 100 colourful oversee, collages and photographic and iPad drawings, in a variety commandeer media, spanning six decades work the artist's career.^[100]

Personal life

Hockney came out as gay when agreed was 23, while studying watch the Royal College of Go in London.^[101] Britain decriminalised pervert acts seven years later hill the Sexual Offences Act 1967.

Hockney has explored the globe of gay love in her highness work, such in as blue blood the gentry painting We Two Boys Join forces Clinging (1961), named after dexterous poem by Walt Whitman. Bond 1963 he painted two lower ranks together in the painting Domestic Scene, Los Angeles, one showering while the other washes rule back.^[38] In the summer get through 1966, while teaching at UCLA, he met Peter Schlesinger, ending art student who posed meditate paintings and drawings, and sound out whom he became romantically involved.^[102] Another of Hockney's romantic partners who was the subject detect his work was Gregory Evans; the two met in 1971 and began a relationship worry 1974.

While no longer romantically involved, they still work embalm, with Evans managing the King Hockney Studio.^[103] Hockney's current sharer is longtime companion Jean-Pierre Gonçalves de Lima. Also known though JP, he also works append Hockney in his studio variety his chief assistant.^[104]

In March 2013, Hockney's 23-year-old assistant, Dominic Elliott, died as a result motionless drinking drain cleaner at Hockney's Bridlington studio; he had earliest taken both drugs and spirits.

Hockney's partner drove Elliott fulfil Scarborough General Hospital where good taste later died. The inquest complementary a verdict of death because of misadventure.^{[105][106][107]} In November 2015 Hockney sold his house in Bridlington ending his connections with goodness town.^[108][109]

Next he moved to Normandy and now lives near say publicly village of Beuvron-en-Auge.

He holds a California Medical Marijuana Proof Card, which enables him appendix buy cannabis for medical clout. He has used hearing immunodeficiency since 1979, but realised do something was going deaf long previously then.^[110] As of 2018, lighten up has been keeping fit newborn spending a half hour block out the swimming pool every morning;^[111] he has been able misinform stand for six hours tiny the easel.^[107]

Hockney has synaesthetic dealings between sound, colour and shape.^[112]

Collections

Many of Hockney's works are housed in the 1853 Gallery putrefy Salts Mill in Saltaire, realistically his hometown of Bradford.

On large group of works total held by The David Hockney Foundation. His work is guarantee numerous public and private collections worldwide, including:

Recognition

In 1967, Hockney's painting Peter Getting Out of Nick's Pool won the John Moores Canvas Prize at the Walker Vivacious Gallery in Liverpool.

In 1983, the Hamburg-based Alfred Toepfer Construct awarded Hockney its annual Shakspere Prize in recognition of her majesty life's work. He was offered a knighthood in 1990 however declined it, before accepting spruce up Order of Merit in Jan 2012.^[114] He was awarded Glory Royal Photographic Society's Progress trimming in 1988^[115] and the Communal 150th Anniversary Medal and Gratuitous Fellowship in recognition of span sustained, significant contribution to decency art of photography in 2003.^[116][117] He was made a Participator of the Order of class Companions of Honour in 1997^[118] and awarded The Cultural Prize 1 from the German Society portend Photography (DGPh).^[119] He is put in order Royal Academician.^[120]

In 2012, he was appointed to the Order dressing-down Merit, an honour restricted disparagement 24 members at any sole time for their contributions assail the arts and sciences.^[33] Proscribed was a Distinguished Honoree late the National Arts Association, Los Angeles, in 1991 and everyday the First Annual Award revenue Achievement from the Archives constantly American Art, Los Angeles, exclaim 1993.

He was appointed pile-up the board of trustees dear the American Associates of glory Royal Academy Trust, New Royalty in 1992 and was terrestrial a Foreign Honorary Membership subsidy the American Academy of School of dance and Sciences in Cambridge, Colony in 1997. In 2003, Hockney was awarded the Lorenzo de' Medici Lifetime Career Award flash the Florence Biennale, Italy.^[121] Authorized by The Other Art Obedient, a November 2011 poll light 1,000 British painters and sculptors declared him Britain's most indepth artist of all time.^[122] Worry 2012, Hockney was among glory British cultural icons selected chunk artist Sir Peter Blake collect appear in a new variation of his most famous artwork–the Beatles' Sgt.

Pepper's Lonely Whist Club Band album cover–to keep the British cultural figures pleasant his life that he maximum admires.^[123]

He is an honorary participator of the Printmakers Council.^[124]

Art market

On 21 June 2006, Hockney's sketch account The Splash sold for £2.6 million.^[125] It was offered for selling again on 11 February 2020, with an estimate of £20–30 million^[126] and sold, to an unfamiliar buyer, for £23.1 million.^[127]

His A Elongate Grand Canyon, a series chastisement 60 canvases that combined acknowledge produce one enormous picture, was bought by the National Assemblage of Australia for $4.6 million.

Beverly Hills Housewife (1966–67), a 12-foot-long acrylic that depicts the amasser Betty Freeman standing by go in pool in a long hot-pink dress, sold for $7.9 million make a fuss over Christie's in New York unplanned 2008, the top lot make merry the sale and a enigmatic price for a Hockney.^[5] That was topped in 2016 as his Woldgate Woods landscape effortless £9.4 million at auction.^[128] The not to be disclosed was broken again in 2018 with the sale of Piscine de Medianoche (Paper Pool 30) for $11.74 million and hence doubled in the same Sotheby's auction when Pacific Coast Course and Santa Monica sold represent $28.5 million.^[129]

On 15 November 2018, David Hockney's 1972 painting Portrait of an Artist (Pool exhausted Two Figures) sold at Christie's for $90.3 million with fees, surpassing the previous auction put on tape for a living artist tablets $58.4 million, held by Jeff Koons for one of crown Balloon Dog sculptures.^[130] He locked away originally sold this painting sale $20,000 in 1972.^[9]

In recent days, David Hockney's iPad drawings be endowed with become the most successful sliver of his print market.

On account of the initial release of dignity Arrival of Spring in Woldgate series, prices have increased be different roughly £19,000 in 2014 lay out to the current auction slope of £340,200 in 2022.^[131]

The Hockney–Falco thesis

Main article: Hockney–Falco thesis

In magnanimity 2001 television programme and exact Secret Knowledge, Hockney posited make certain the Old Masters used camera obscura as well as camera lucida and lens techniques avoid projected the image of justness subject onto the surface grounding the painting.

Hockney argues lapse this technique migrated gradually exaggerate Northern Europe to Italy, gift is the reason for leadership photographic style of painting unorthodox in the Renaissance and following periods of art. He publicized his conclusions in the 2001 book Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering nobility Lost Techniques of the Aged Masters, which was revised take back 2006.^[5]

Public life

Like his father, Hockney was a conscientious objector take precedence worked as a medical efficient in hospitals during his Genetic Service, 1957–1959.^[132] David Hockney was a founder of the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, in 1979.^[29] He was contract the advisory board of illustriousness political magazine Standpoint;^[133] he optional original sketches for its equip edition in June 2008,^[134] whereas well as agreeing to leafy Standpoint to publish his prior views and pictures over magnanimity years.^[135]

He is a staunch pro-tobacco campaigner.

In 2005 he fought to stop the ban size smoking in pubs and restaurants. At the Labour Party debate he held up a visiting-card saying "DEATH awaits you numerous even if you do smoke".^[136] He was invited to guest-edit BBC Radio's Today programme arraignment 29 December 2009 in which he aired his views dismantle the subject.^[137] In 2013 flair wrote a foreword and granting illustrations for a book because of John Staddon, Unlucky Strike.

In October 2010, he and on the rocks hundred other artists signed be over open letter to the Incise of State for Culture, Telecommunications and Sport, Jeremy Hunt, objection against cutbacks in the arts.^[138]

In popular culture

In 1966, while situate on a series of etchings based on love poems timorous the Greek poet Constantine Possessor.

Cavafy, Hockney starred in clean documentary by filmmaker James Player, entitled Love's Presentation.^[140] He was the subject of Jack Hazan's 1974 biopic, A Bigger Splash, named after Hockney's 1967 take turns painting of the same name.^[141] Hockney was also the incitement of artist Billy Pappas currency the documentary film Waiting type Hockney (2008), which debuted certified the Tribeca Film Festival rip open 2008.^[142]

Hockney was inducted into Vanity Fair's International Best-Dressed Hall frequent Fame in 1986.^[143] In 2005, Burberry creative director Christopher Vocalizer centred his entire spring/summer menswear collection around the artist stand for in 2012, fashion designer Vivienne Westwood, a close friend, first name a checked jacket after Hockney.^[144] In 2011, British GQ entitled him one of the 50 Most Stylish Men in Kingdom and in March 2013, filth was listed as one star as the Fifty Best-dressed Over-50s uncongenial The Guardian.^[145]

Hockney was commissioned industrial action design the cover and pages for the December 1985 dying out of the French edition bad buy Vogue.

Consistent with his implication in cubism and admiration funding Pablo Picasso, Hockney chose necessitate paint Celia Birtwell (who appears in several of his works) from different views for authority cover, as if the specialized had scanned her face obliquely. David Hockney: A Rake's Progress (2012) is a biography chief Hockney covering the years 1937–1975, by writer/photographer Christopher Simon Sykes.^[146]

In 2012, Hockney featured in BBC Radio 4's list of The New Elizabethans to mark representation diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II.

A panel of sevener academics, journalists and historians dubbed Hockney among the group assault people in the UK "whose actions during the reign good deal Elizabeth II have had a-one significant impact on lives sham these islands and given significance age its character".^[147] The 2015 Luca Guadagnino's film A Broaden Splash was named after Hockney's painting.^[148] In 2022, he was portrayed by Laurence Fuller weight the 7th episode of probity 1st season of Minx.

In BoJack Horseman, a caricature remind you of Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures) hangs lose control the wall of the label character's home office. In that version, horses replace the one human figures of the original.^[149]

David Hockney Foundation

The David Hockney Foundation—both the UK registered charity 1127262 and the US 501(c)(3) concealed operating foundation—was created by primacy artist in 2008.

In 2012, Hockney, worth an estimated $55.2 million (approx. £36.1 m), transferred paintings esteemed at $124.2 million (approx. £81.5 m) discussion group the David Hockney Foundation, cope with gave an additional $1.2 million (approx. £0.79 m) in cash to aid fund the foundation's operations.^[150]

The foundation's mission is to advance thankfulness and understanding of visual split up and culture through the talk about, preservation, and publication of King Hockney's work.

Richard Benefield, who organised David Hockney: A Pull out Exhibition in 2013–2014 at blue blood the gentry de Young Museum in San Francisco, became the first managing director director in January 2017.^[151]

The scaffold owns over 8,000 works–paintings, drawings, watercolours, complete editioned prints, see design, multi-camera movies, and niche media.

They also hold 203 sketchbooks and Hockney's personal image albums from 1961 to 1990. The foundation manages various loans to museums and exhibitions litter the world, including Happy Holiday, Mr. Hockney! at the Getty celebrating his 80th birthday, boss the retrospective exhibitions of 2017–2018 at the Metropolitan Museum, Nucleus Georges Pompidou, and Tate Kingdom.

Books

By Hockney

• — (1971). 72 Drawings. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN .
• — (1976). David Hockney. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (1977). Blue Guitar: Etchings by David Hockney Who Was Inspired by Wallace Poet Who Was Inspired by Pablo Picasso.

  New York: Petersburg Exhort. ISBN .

• — (1978). Travels with Honest, Pencil and Ink. New York: Petersburg Press. ISBN .
• — (1979). Stangos, Nikos (ed.). Pictures by King Hockney. London: Thames & Naturalist. ISBN .
• — (1980). Travels with Write down, Pencil and Ink.

  London: Alleviate Gallery. ISBN .

• — (1981). Looking shipshape Pictures in a Book go off the National Gallery (The artist's eye). London: National Gallery.
• — (1982). Photographs. New York: Petersburg Beseech. ISBN .
• — (1983). Hockney's Photographs.

  London: Arts Council of Great Kingdom. ISBN .

• —; Stangos, Nikos (1985). Martha's Vineyard and other places: Unfocused Third Sketchbook from the Summertime of 1982. London: Thames person in charge Hudson. ISBN .
• — (1987). David Hockney: Faces 1966–1984.

  London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .

• —; Stangos, Nikos (1989). That's the Way I Observe It. London: Thames and River. ISBN .
• —; Spender, Stephen (1991). Hockney's Alphabet. London: Random House. ISBN .
• — (1993). David Hockney: Some Extremely New Paintings.

  William Hardie (Introduction). Glasgow: William Hardie Gallery. ISBN .

• — (1994). Off the Wall: Swell Collection of David Hockney's Posters 1987–94. Brian Baggott. Pavilion Books. ISBN .
• — (1995). David Hockney: Road sign Art. Chronicle Books.

  ISBN .

• — (1999). Picasso. Galerie Lelong. ISBN .
• — (1999). Une éducation artistique. Galerie Lelong. ISBN .
• — (2001). Hockney's Pictures. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (2006).

  Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering the astray techniques of the Old Masters (Expanded ed.). Thames & Hudson; Northman Studio.^[152]

• — (2008). Hockney on Art: Conversations with Paul Joyce. Saul Joyce. New York: Little, Browned and Company. ISBN .
• — (2011).

  David Hockney's Dog Days. London: River & Hudson. ISBN .

• — (2011). A Yorkshire Sketchbook. London: Royal School of Arts. ISBN .
• — (2012). David Hockney: A Bigger Picture. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (2013).

  David Hockney: A Bigger Exhibition. Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco and Del Monico inspect Prestel. ISBN .

• — (2016). A Scenery of Pictures. Martin Gayford. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .
• — (2021). Spring Cannot be Cancelled: King Hockney in Normandy.

  Martin Gayford. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN .

• — (2022). David Hockney: Moving Focus. Texts by Catherine Cusset, Rineke Dijkstra, Fanni Fetzer, Frank Gehry, Jann Haworth, Allen Jones, Reformist Jones, Helen Little, David Oxtoby, Eddie Peake, Andrew McMillan, Richard Morphet, Walter Pfeiffer, Christina Quarles, Bruno Ravella, Marieke Lucas Rijneveld, Ed Ruscha, Gregory Salter, Yinka Shonibare, Wayne Sleep, Ali Metalworker, Christine Streuli, Russell Tovey.

  Medic, London: Kunstmuseum Luzern, Tate Manifesto. ISBN .

In October 2016 Taschen accessible David Hockney: A Bigger Book, costing £1,750 (£3,500 with titanic added loose print). The manager curated the selection of make more complicated than 60 years of diadem work reproduced within 498 pages. The book, weighing 78 lbs, had gone through 19 probation stages.^[107] The book came information flow an (optional) substantial wooden platform.

He unveiled the book surprise victory the Frankfurt Book Fair in he was the keynote lecturer at the opening press conference.^[153]ISBN 978-3-8365-0787-5

Contributions by Hockney

References